Edward IV declared that Margaret's younger brother, Edward, should be known as Earl of Warwick as a courtesy title, but no peerage was ever created for him. There are panel paintings of Pole in the following churches: There are stained glass windows of Pole in the following churches: On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. For Maid star Margaret Qualley, her job was all about building a relationship with child actor Rylea Nevaeh Whittet and making her feel safe on the set of the Netflix series that delves into . Born 14 August 1473, Margaret was one of the few Plantagenets who had survived the Wars of the Roses She was the mother of . And he was well-connected enough to later secure his sons appointment as household page to John Morton, the archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor of England. But they have never been proven, and in fact they seem pretty far fetched. If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content. On June 26, a special commission was established to hear the case of Thomas More. Sir Thomas Pole was a member of the aristocracy in England. This phrase has been interpreted as meaning Edward was of low intelligence; it only means that he was unworldly, and Higginbotham sees this. [10], When Mary was declared a bastard in 1533, Margaret refused to give Mary's gold plate and jewels back to Henry. The Bishop of Rochester John Fisher is executed on the same charge. Their destruction came with a wave of arrests in the autumn of 1538. Margaret Pole was born about four years after her parents had married, and was the first child born after the couple lost their first child on board a ship fleeing to France during the Wars of the Roses. To that end, he spent the next three years in study and prayer, wearing a hair shirt next to his skin (a practice he never abandoned), and struggling to reconcile his genuine religious fervor with the demands of the outside world. Stoke was a decisive victory. Those two could only get along for short while before things got heated. Rather, he felt that he could be more effective in the city itself, not closeted away amongst the nobles and councilors of Henrys court. A possible portrait of Margaret Pole (c. 1535). Birth date: February 7, 1478. The skeleton was not complete, but part of the skull had survived, and certain other bones. She spent much of her time at Warblington, where she was nicely placed, in the event of an invasion, to help the rebels against Henry; or so you thought, if you were one of Henrys councillors. He would arrive unbidden, to either eat with the family or walk in the garden with More, his arm slung casually about Mores shoulders. [2] His heir was his son Thomas. He needed to convince the Spanish he was secure in his kingdom. Elizabeth Throckmorton. Both men were enthusiastic Humanist scholars, but they parted ways with regard to the kings prerogative. To my principles!". It was, Pierce says, as if Margaret had won the lottery. Henry married Margarets cousin, Elizabeth of York, and imprisoned Margarets brother as a potential threat to his kingship. Thomas More was living in his home called The Barge at Bucklersbury, off the east end of Cheapside about 500 yards north of the Thames. Thomas More worked hard for the king. Reginald studied in Italy in 1521 through 1526, financed in part by Henry VIII, then returned and was offered by Henry the choice of several high offices in the church if he would support Henrys divorce from Catherine. The next year, when her sons were mixed up with Buckingham, she was removed from that appointment, but later restored to it by 1525. Montagu, Exeter, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538. The two children were of use to him; their maternal family, the Nevilles, commanded allegiance in the north. Some stories even claim this was at his own request, having been permitted to choose the manner of his execution. He worked eight years as undersheriff and proved himself an impartial judge and able administrator. Higginbotham follows Pierce in refusing to vilify Henry for his treatment of the Poles. Following Richard's death in 1504, Margaret no longer had the fortune to support. Her first son, Henry Pole, was created Baron Montagu, another of the Neville titles, speaking for the family in the House of Lords. letters@lrb.co.uk It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. Margaret Pole was a pretty tough and clinical woman. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. This is what Margaret is now, besides paper and ink, and the ruins of her palaces: pieces of breastbone and pelvis, a single finger bone and four vertebrae. However, things suddenly change in May 1541 when a decision was made to execute her. Her brothers royal blood, however, remained a danger. Margaret was a daughter of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville. Anne was the anointed queen. EDWARD STAFFORD, THIRD DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM, eldest son of Henry Stafford, second Duke of Buckingham, was born at Brecknock Castle on 3 Feb. 1477-8. Please include name, address, and a telephone number. Her son Reginald described himself afterwards as son of a martyr and in 1886, Pope Leo XIII had Margaret Pole beatified as a martyr. Henry was wise enough to state his case and let it go, for a little while at least. Reginald Pole, (born March 3, 1500, Stourton Castle, Staffordshire, Eng.died Nov. 17, 1558, London), English prelate who broke with King Henry VIII over Henry's antipapal policies and later became a cardinal and a powerful figure in the government of the Roman Catholic queen Mary Tudor. The charge was treason. Later in life, he bitterly resented her abandonment of him. Gaily agreeing that the chief female virtues are meekness and self-effacement, they managed estates, signed off accounts, bought wardships and brokered marriage settlements, all the while keeping up a steady output of needlework. Together, they had five children, but she was widowed in 1505. The following poem was found carved on the wall of her cell: For traitors on the block should die; But for now he was out of Henrys reach, leaving his family as hostages. This was an obvious lie; More had never said anything of the sort to any other visitor, why Rich? Apainting in the National Portrait Gallery offers a grey-white face, long, guarded, medieval, remote: unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury. [6] She remained there until she returned to favour when Henry VIII came to the throne in 1509. Not only did this mean that Margaret came of royal stock, but it meant that she came from the family that was historically opposed to the reign of the Tudors, a fact that would affect her throughout her life. This was on 16 May 1532, the date on which the archdiocese of Canterbury, as head of the English clergy, sent a document to Henry VIII in which is promised to never legislate or even convene without royal assent, thus making the king a lay person head of the spiritual order in England. (Along with Margaret her sister-in-law Eleanor Pole was also a lady-in-waiting to Katherine. He returned to Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year. It states that Margaret refused to lay her head on the block, declaiming, "So should traitors do, and I am none". Margaret was superfluous; curtly, Henry wrote her off as a fool. Margaret Pole, Tudor Matriarch and Martyr. Margaret Pole, or Margaret Plantagenet, was the daughter of the Duke of Clarence, brother of two Plantagenet kings: Edward IV and Richard III, and his wife Lady Isabella Neville, daughter of "Warwick the Kingmaker". She managed her lands quite well, and became one of the five or six wealthiest peers in England. London, WC1A 2HNletters@lrb.co.uk Edward was then brought out and displayed briefly to the public. . We can't imagine how Margaret was feeling, she was 65 years of age when brought to the tower in 1539, an advanced age by the standards of the day. It was Mores impassioned speeches against this large and unjust burden that made the king reduce it by more than two thirds. Margaret would have had a claim to the Earldom of Warwick, but the earldom was forfeited on the attainder of her brother Edward.[4]. Margarets youngest son, Geoffrey, probably under threat of torture, denounced not only his own family but the Courtenay clan and other prominent members of the old families. She, her grandson, Henry (son of her own son Henry), and Exeter's son were held together and supported by the king. In 1499, Margarets brother Edward apparently tried to escape from the Tower of London to take part in the plot of Perkin Warbeck who claimed to be their cousin, Richard, one of the sons of Edward IV who had been taken to the Tower of London under Richard III and whose fate was not clear. As the heir to the throne, Mary enjoyed a separate household, and in 1525 she was sent to Ludlow to hold court. This discovery resulted in removal of Mores books and writing materials. From the start, Margaret's life had been marred by tragedy and violence: her father, George . Perhaps his earlier justification for the annulment had been a matter of self-interest, a selective interpretation of opaque text. The next year, the late king's marriage was declared invalid by the statute Titulus Regius of 1484, making his children illegitimate. Reginald also urged the princes of Europe to depose Henry immediately. The new memorial that has been erected in front of the Chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula on Tower Green marks the spot 'identified' in the Victorian period as being the . Even as he secretly wore a hair shirt, he openly and consistently fasted, prayed, and maintained a relatively modest household. Was More surprised by this speech? And he was a father who insisted his three daughters have the same education as his son. When Catherine of Aragon gave birth to a daughter, Mary, Margaret Pole was asked to be one of the godmothers. Reginald was the most interesting and talented of Margarets children, and the one to whom she was not close. You see, we speak of being anchored to our principles. Find out more about the London Review of Books app. Soon he was acting as Henrys personal secretary and adviser, delivering official speeches, greeting foreign envoys, drafting treaties and other public documents, and composing the kings responses to Wolseys dispatches. But not your principles. In Utopia, he identified himself as a citizen of London, and it was in London that he was born on 7 February 1477, the only surviving son of John More and his first wife, Agnes Graunger. Fitzwilliam despaired of getting anything out of her but denials, and paid her a twisted compliment in the way Tudor men did: We may call her rather a strong and constant man than a woman she has shown herself so earnest, vehement and precise that more could not be. When he told her that her goods had been seized, she must have known it was the beginning of the end, and seemeth thereat to be somew[hat] appalled, but neither then nor at any later point did she profess anything but loyalty to Henry and regret at her familys folly. For Mores part, he undoubtedly appreciated his second wifes superb housekeeping skills for they allowed him the freedom to pursue his increasingly successful career. Where is Hans Holbein when you need him? ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618. Name: Thomas More. And More was more convinced than ever that he needed to leave royal service. She was the Spanish princess, Katharine of Aragon, one of the daughters of the Catholic rulers of Spain. ), St. Marie's Church in New Bilton, Rugby, England. This site requires the use of Javascript to provide the best possible experience. Was the family sincere in deploring his disloyalty? Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Susan Higginbotham. In 1487, an imposter, Lambert Simmel, pretended to be her brother Edward, and was used to try to gather a rebellion against Henry VII. In May 1515, More was sent to Bruges as part of a delegation arranged by Wolsey to revise an Anglo-Flemish commercial treaty. Margaret Pole ended up becoming a Catholic martyr. Thomas More is the "Man For All Seasons" in the title of the play. As part of the investigations into the so-called Exeter Conspiracy, Geoffrey Pole was arrested in August 1538. The accounts differ slightly; Marillac's report, dispatched two days afterwards, recorded that the execution took place in a corner of the Tower with so few people present that, in the evening, news of her execution was doubted. When Arthur died in 1502, the Poles lost that position. Margaret was one of just two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right (suo jure) without a husband in the House of Lords. She was, Pierce says, intelligent, unquestionably virtuous, traditionally pious, and possessed an easy familiarity with the convoluted etiquette of a royal court. This was not, as some say, Cratwell, who had himself been executed three years earlier, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Church of Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessed Margaret Pole, "Unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Plantagenet , Countess of Salisbury National Portrait Gallery", "The Execution of Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "1541: Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "Pole, Margaret, suo jure countess of Salisbury (14731541), noblewoman", "Margaret Plantagenet, Lady Pole & Countess of Salisbury (14731541)", "Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessd Margaret Pole, Southbourne", The Tragical History of King Richard the Third, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Pole,_Countess_of_Salisbury&oldid=1140799395, People convicted under a bill of attainder, People executed by Tudor England by decapitation, People executed under the Tudors for treason against England, Burials at the Church of St Peter ad Vincula, Governesses to the English Royal Household, Hereditary peeresses created by Henry VIII, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from February 2023, Articles needing expert attention from June 2022, Miscellaneous articles needing expert attention, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, English Martyrs Church, Preston (she is on the right. 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