More importantly, it speaks to the shift from a probabilistic drug discovery industry characterized by multiple shots on goal to the deterministic approach enabled by digital biology. He starts with those what-if questions. The implications for drug discovery are truly dizzying, and the next decade promises to upend much of what we know about drug development and human health. The answer is up to us. Thats a classically big idea for Afeyan, and Repertoire has now raised more than $350 million from investors that include SoftBank and the Alaska Permanent Fund to pursue it. There were 95 cases of infection among patients who received placebo in the companys 30,000-patient study. Flagship Pioneering Founder and CEO and Moderna Co-founder and Chairman Dr. Noubar Afeyan presents at the 2022 Code Conference.Subscribe: https://goo.gl/FRle. The keynote speaker of the evening was Dr. Afeyan. All we are doing is running an evolutionary process, he says. What if not all viruses were bad? Ruben Karlenovich Vardanyan (Armenian: , Russian: ; born 25 May 1968) is an Armenian and Artsakhi politician who served as the State Minister of Artsakh, an unrecognized state in the South Caucasus, from 4 November 2022 until 23 February 2023. For its rankings, Forbes estimated the fortune of Afeyan, the Moderna chairman, to be nearly $5 billion. Noubar Afeyan, an Armenian immigrant born in Lebanon, is one of the most successful biotech entrepreneurs at work. And so within days, we had designed a new vaccine and started testing it, Afeyan said, adding that its rapid but accurate. In 2022, Afeyan was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science, honoris causa (D.Sc.) [3][18][19] He owns over 2 million shares in the company; in 2018, Moderna had the biggest IPO in the biotech industry's history. Theres also a structure to how Flagships researchers consider dozens of ideas, accepting some and rejecting others. Afeyan studied chemical engineering at McGill University and later received his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 2000, Afeyan founded Flagship Pioneering to create and fund early-stage start-ups addressing unmet needs in healthcare and sustainability. Welcome to the era of Programmable Medicines. As Flagship has expanded, Afeyan has recruited a bevvy of high-powered executives to help out, both as partners of the firm and as CEOs of the new startups. He is also on the board of the MIT Corporation. . Flagship filed 341 patent applications in 2020, more than double the number it had filed two years earlier; in the first half of this year, it cranked out 379 patent applications. During the Armenian genocide of 1915-16, in which as many as 1.2 million Armenian. [20] Afeyan serves on multiple charitable and corporate boards, including those of Codiak Biosciences, Evelo Biosciences, Joule Unlimited and Axcella. Noubar Afeyan . His family moved to Montreal, Canada in 1976. Over the last decade, our understanding of biology has increased exponentially, and scientists have created new tools to perturb biology more directly and deliberately. Afeyan is a member of the board of UWC Dilijan International School in Armenia, founded by Vardanyan in 2014. Afeyan views immigrants and entrepreneurs as natural complements. Noubar Afeyan on the Permission to Leap (full) | Conversations with Tyler - YouTube "The world of innovation is very much one of toggling between survival and then thriving," says Noubar. Why wouldnt you think you can actually change the world in the particular area you are working on?. We dont see human health and the health of our planet as separable. Once its injected, it instructs cells to produce copies of the spike protein, triggering an immune response. When buying cowboy boots, there are a few aspects to consider, such as how far up they go on your legs and their design. Contrast this with the drug discovery paradigm weve relied on to date, which has produced important and occasionally transformative new therapies for patients, but it is ultimately a game of chance. To date, 70 companies have been formed from those 89 ideas. Moderna stock has rocketed on prospects for its Covid-19 vaccine, and the biotechnology firm's co-founder and chairman, Noubar Afeyan, has been selling large blocks of shares. Like other Flagship companies, its also a so-called platform company, something that Afeyan argues reduces the risk of the startups in its portfolio and allows any of them to shift from one area to another as the need arises, as Moderna did with Covid-19 vaccines. He is a Senior Lecturer at the MIT Sloan School of Management. [29], With Vardanyan and Vartan Gregorian, Afeyan co-founded the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative in 2015. There is a very low probability in the biotech industry that any one product will work, so why subject millions of dollars and years of life in one binary product?, Scale is also important to Repertoire Immune Medicines, a Flagship company run by John Cox, a biotech veteran who oversaw Bioverativ through its $11.6 billion sale to Sanofi. We dont view this as a race, Afeyan said. June 21st, 2021, 12:21 PM PDT. It has since been expanded to 2031. Prior to founding Flagship Pioneering, Noubar was the founder and CEO of PerSeptive Biosystems, a leader in bio-instrumentation that grew to $100 million in annual revenues. Noubar Afeyan, the founder of entrepreneurial investment firm Flagship Pioneering, watches from the sidelines of an event at his alma mater, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in May. The lengthy and very resource-intensive regulatory approval process to bring drugs or diagnostics to market has been a gating factor, along with the costly and often specialized process of then manufacturing these products at scale once approved. Noubar Afeyan fully understood those risks when he co-founded Moderna in 2010. Programmable medicines are part of a larger transformative force that is already being felt: digital biology or the conversion of physical matter into information. And what if, he asked a decade ago, messenger RNA (mRNA) could be the basis of therapeutics? Not only did an immigrant found Moderna but many of its key leadership positions, including its CEO, are immigrants. So far, three ongoing projects in biotechnology, machine learning and neuroscience have engaged three PIs and funded more than 10 researchers . And, its not like the traditional flu shot. As of November 2021, his net worth is estimated at $3.3 billion. The record shows immigrants and immigrant-led companies created the vaccines. (Read full essay here). Whats remarkable is that the technology we have developed was perfectly suited for this type of very rapid deployment. Afeyan is a remarkable citizen, leader and philanthropist, whose life's journey has positively impacted individuals, businesses and institutions in the U.S, in Armenia and around the world . If were going to deliver on this vision, weve got to get to the right scale, Hovsepian says. Moderna raised $1 billion and it engendered skepticism, putting it mildly. But Afeyan didnt care what anyone else thought. Draw a circle around what currently exists, Afeyan says, and then draw a bigger circle around whats adjacent to that. What if, he asked his researchers, microorganisms living in our gutsthe microbiomecould help cure cancer? [3][1] By 2020 Afeyan had co-founded and developed 41 start-ups. In 2020, Afeyan was recognized as one of four immigrants leading the efforts to find a vaccine for COVID-19. How does one describe someone who has helped found 38 companies? [6] Since 2000 this process has led to the launch of around 40 companies. The research became idea number FL46 within the firms labs, and launched as Ring Therapeutics in 2017. How will we make meaning of this incomprehensible level of loss? If you play parallel chess, you have got to get to the essence. By Stuart Anderson Senior Contributor, Leadership Strategy. Since 2007, when Flagship adopted its current model, through the first half of 2021, its net internal rate of return, or IRR, was nearly 40%, according to a source close to Flagship. Were you bowled over when you first heard the trial results showing 94.5% efficacy? The firm files intellectual property claims (most ideas generate multiple patent applications) to stake out its turf and invests $1 million or $2 million max. I was literally mesmerized. Afeyan says, I started to learn everything I could about how to start companies., If you play parallel chess, you have got to get to the essence. We hope that we will have sometime in December the approval to go ahead and start getting the first doses out in the U.S. as well as hopefully in Europe, Afeyan said. That's very different than [the idea that] people ought to innovate and come up with . If youre an immigrant, then youre used to being out of your comfort zone.. I had never lived in North America, he said. During the event, Aurora Co-Founder Noubar Afeyan spoke about Aurora's crucial contribution to tackling the most acute ongoing crises across the world and the pressing #humanitarian issues of . This letter explores four of the forces shaping biotechs future: programmable medicines and digital biology; machine learning and artificial intelligence; the exponential value potential of bioplatforms; and a pandemic-inspired regulatory reset. Afeyan is leveraging that success to raise boatloads of new cash. The Afeyans had a business exporting eggs from Turkey to Bulgaria and some family members moved to Bulgaria after 1918. However, Afeyan gained permanent residence through another route and is credited as a founder or co-founder of 38 companies. He and his colleagues were looking for a way to deploy the messenger RNA molecule to tackle life-threatening. Joule was named as one of the 10 most important emerging technologies in 2010. When the immune system sees these fragments, it learns how to attack them. We know how quickly new therapies can be tested, approved, and scaled. Founded in 2000, Flagship is an enterprise where entrepreneurially-minded scientists invent seemingly unreasonable solutions to challenges. Through Operation Warp Speed, Moderna received nearly a billion dollars to develop the vaccine, and is promised another 1.5 billion to buy, manufacture and distribute the first 100 million doses placing Afeyans company at the forefront of the battle against the coronavirus. (Source: Bloomberg) More From Leaders with. In addition to investing in startups the idea was to be more systematic in developing companies. How will these learnings shape regulatory approaches going forward? Richard Azarnia is a principal in a family that believes in its responsibility to support a new model of development that . He was born to Armenian parents in Lebanon and immigrated with his family in his early teens to Canada. The optimism and sense of purpose that fueled Modernas all-out effort to deliver safe and effective vaccines was, for me, tempered by grief and sense of loss: for my own family, as for millions of families throughout the world, the lifesaving innovation of mRNA vaccines came too late. Noubars genius was not trying to force the issue in my brain, but to make me think that it could change the world and that it was worth the risk, he says. What Now? He lectures in the United States and internationally on topics ranging . I constantly say things that are unreasonable and seemingly crazy, says Noubar Afeyan, founder of venture firm Flagship Pioneering and chairman of Moderna. While CEO of PerSeptive, Afeyan co-founded and funded numerous other biotechnology companies, including: ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, acquired by Millennium Pharmaceuticals in 1997; Exact Sciences (NASDAQ:EXAS), Agenus (NASDAQ:AGEN); and Color Kinetics, acquired by Philips 2007. For Afeyan, though, the hope is that Moderna isnt a one-off stratospheric success, but just one of dozens of companies that could break out from the work hes been doing at Cambridge, Mass.-based Flagship for the past two decades. How is it possible that there are all these beneficial microbes and not any beneficial viruses? Afeyan asks. In 2000, he started Flagship Pioneering to create and fund startups in health care and sustainability. If the idea proves promising enough, Flagship invests, and it operates for a time as a wholly owned subsidiary. During the Armenian genocide of 1915-16, in which as many as 1.2 million Armenian Christians living in the Ottoman Empire were killed, Afeyans paternal grandfather and great uncle were taken away twice, he says. There were only five infections in patients who developed Covid-19 after receiving Modernas vaccine, mRNA-1273. Speaking with KTLA about the latest developments at Moderna, Afeyan highlighted how his journey as an immigrant has impacted his work. Both Damiani and Andres have extensive international business experience. On the other hand, the story in public markets was quite different, and 2021 was largely considered a rout for biotech: a cooling off from the coronavirus-led enthusiasm that fueled the sectors stocks in 2020. They said, How can anyone give you money? The vaccine was developed two days after [publication of the coronaviruss genomic] sequence. His grandfather escaped to Bulgaria, where his father was born. Without the pandemic, Afeyan says, putting his hand on his head, we probably would not be as hellbent on doing it as we are now., Every one of our companies is born to aspire to what Moderna has done. As my colleagues Armen Mkrtchyan and Karim Lakhani write in an essay published by Flagship earlier this week: We believe AI and biology are the principal and mutually enabling innovation engines of our generation, particularly so when combining forces. BY Jenna Schnuer. I hadnt seen snow. Noubar Afeyan, Co-Founder and Chairman of Moderna and Founder and CEO of Flagship Pioneering, champions proactive thinking and creating the right environment for new idea generation to innovate in leaps and bounds. Please look at the time stamp on the story to see when it was last updated. A new study shows immigrants produce a significant percentage of innovations in America and make U.S. natives more inventive. Dr. Noubar Afeyan is founder and CEO of Flagship Pioneering, a company that conceives, creates, resources, and develops first-in-category life science platform companies to transform human health and sustainability. [11] Afeyan is married to Anna (born Gunnardottir), a Swedish-born engineer who moved to the US in 1988. COVID-19 Accelerates Vaccine Manufacturing. Ideas that surviveas a total of 89 haveget numbers rather than names to keep founders from falling in love with a pet project that may need to be killed. This article "Noubar Afeyan" is from Wikipedia. The company creates companies through a systemic model of entrepreneurial science. [15], Since 2000, Afeyan has been teaching courses on entrepreneurship, innovation and leadership at the Massachusetts Institute of Technologys Sloan School of Management. The firm has "fostered the development of more than 100 scientific ventures, resulting in $20 billion in total value and over 500 patents. [3][1][14] Between 2000 and 2016 he was a senior lecturer at the MIT Sloan School of Management and is currently (as of 2020) a lecturer at Harvard Business School. In 2000, Afeyan founded Flagship Ventures (renamed Flagship Pioneering in 2016), where he currently serves as Senior Managing Partner and CEO. After attending college, Afeyan came to the United States and earned a Ph.D. in biochemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Noubar Afeyan, co-founder and chairman of Moderna, is a two-time immigrant. The tools now at our disposal compel us to bring new focus to the root causes of the common illnesses that afflict hundreds of millions of people each year. Afeyan had partnered with Vardanyan to establish Initiatives for Development of Armenia (IDeA),[23] which according to the Armenian government, has between 2007 and 2017 implemented different projects with a total cost of $550 million. What keeps you from innovating is being comfortable, he said. Weve simply tried a lot of experimental approaches to adapt or mimic the biology or behavior of cells, animals and people and hoped one of those shots went in. Moderna, which is leading Americas response to the novel coronavirus, is a story of welcoming talent from all over the world. The publicly traded company has a market cap of $710 million. When fast-moving biotech platform companies fueled by private capital go public, they often run headlong into this brick wall of bias, effectively discouraging this more impactful form of innovation and the diversified product portfolios that result. By incubating its own ideas and doing all the seed and early stage venture funding itself, Flagship typically still owns 50% or so at the time of its startups IPOs, according to Afeyan. When world powers step in to stop unfolding atrocities, it sends a signal to aggressors that annexing land or destroying a people and culture will not be tolerated," he wrote. Register for free In 1999, Afeyan founded the predecessor company to Flagship Pioneering and set up shop in an office park in suburban Cambridge. "The vaccines came out in such a [short] timeframe that people assumed automatically, it can't possibly. He started his first company at age 24 and ran it for 10 years, during which time he founded or co-founded five additional companies. That sudden change defined me down the line.. As the grandson of Armenian genocide survivors, I have dedicated time and effort to the task of deriving meaning out of loss, and forging progress out of pain. Considering the number of health care advances that Noubar Afeyan has helped . If you're an immigrant, then you're used to being out of your comfort zone. We have learned that none of that has worked, recalls Doug Cole, a medical doctor and Flagships managing partner who joined Afeyan as one of the first employees in 2001. Noubar Afeyan is the founder and CEO of Cambridge, Mass. Noubar Afeyan is Founder, Senior Managing Partner and Chief Executive Officer at Flagship Ventures, a leading early stage venture capital firm. Since launch, Moderna has raised venture funding in excess of $1B. Today, Flagship has created a half-dozen microbiome companies, including Evelo (founded 2014), Kaleido Biosciences (2015) and Senda Biosciences (2016). Flagship companies such as Generate Biomedicines and Cellarity are creating programmable medicines in the realm of proteins/antibodies and small molecules, respectively, where the programming code to create the right protein for the right target, or the right small molecule to get the right cellular biology, is elucidated and leveraged. [12] Joule's technology has been scaled to a demonstration facility,[13] and the company has announced a commercial partnership with Audi. What keeps you from innovating is being comfortable. Noubar Afeyan, Moderna co-founder, supports and encourages MIT students to seize opportunities in Armenia . You cannot procrastinate over the particular move. I will go to my grave believing it is the platform., 15 Under 40: The Youngest Billionaires On The 2021 Forbes 400, Meet The 44 Newcomers Joining The Forbes 400 List Of America's Richest People. Ill leave you with a few ideas. But as Afeyan, an Armenian immigrant by way of Lebanon and Canada, turned on the charm Bancel, who was then CEO of French diagnostics maker BioMrieux, relented and agreed to come to Moderna. Moderna chairman Noubar Afeyan, whose estimated net worth is $3.7 billion, is . Stphane Bancel is. In 2000, Afeyan founded Flagship Pioneering to create and fund early-stage start-ups addressing unmet needs in healthcare and sustainability. Noubar Afeyan and Gary P. Pisano From the Magazine (September-October 2021) Florian Sommet/Trunk Archive Summary. This note therefore begins en media res One example is Noubar Afeyan, a Beirut national who earned his PhD at MIT and worked on an H-1B visa before he became a US citizen. The underlying cause of most autoimmune diseases is related to T-cell misbehavior, Cox explains. Packard, who died in 1996, described himself as a new breed of engineer, a blend of entrepreneur and innovator. This remains a long game, however, as researchers work out the science and go through clinical trials. But public market performance doesnt tell the whole story of the hunt for value in biotech, or even the most interesting part. The shares were sold at an average price of $173.17, for a total value of $1,731,700.00. If you use a windshield cover, you can at least forget about scrapping the ice off your windshield to save some time and hassle. He is a Senior Lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management. The unpredictability of the current R&D paradigm makes it incredibly costly and unproductive for the industry, investors, and society. Noubar Afeyan, co-founder and board chair of Moderna, said that any push back is conflating price pressure on drugs with vaccines, which should be treated separately. The company is publicly traded on Nasdaq. Why wouldnt you think you can actually change the world?, The influx of cash will also test the ability of his model for parallel entrepreneurship to scale up even bigger and faster than it has to date. Moderna has a $1.525 billion contract to provide the United States with 100 million doses of the vaccine throughOperation Warp Speed, the governments fast-track program for Covid-19 vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics. As my colleagues Stephen Berenson and Andy Oh explain: Bioplatforms have several advantages. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, admitted the preliminary data for the Moderna and the Pfizer vaccines the only two so far to have early estimates of vaccine efficacy are better than he had anticipated. The Germans took pity on them, he says. He calls his model parallel entrepreneurship, meaning he wants to found multiple companies at a time, not just one or two, but six or eight. 1. The trial, which will be conducted at U.S. clinical research sites,is expected to enroll approximately 30,000 adult volunteers who do not have COVID-19., Noubar Ayefan has voiced support for ways to increase the number of immigrant entrepreneurs in America. He points to his immigrant background and mentality as the driving forces of his philanthropic, scientific, and business work. 1 injured after shooting on 110 Fwy in Carson, Windshield covers and other handy gear you need for, 18 trendy cowboy boots to wear this winter, 18 books youll want to read on Dr. Seuss Day, RFK assassin Sirhan Sirhan denied parole by California, Home Depot has open positions for L.A. residents, Teen stabbed to death at Northern California school, Why Im not celebrating Lillys insulin price cut, Cat spends 6 days alone in Vegas hotel room, Explosive found in bag at PA airport, man arrested, Burger King brings back fan-favorite item. Moderna just wrapped up the third phase of clinical trials and is awaiting approval from the Federal Drug Administration. He's also the chairman and cofounder of biotech firm Moderna, known for its Covid-19 vaccine which was authorized by the U.S. FDA in December 2020. Turning biological problems into digital problems holds tremendous promise, as Flagship companies Valo, Repertoire and others powerfully demonstrate. [5][7][3] He graduated from Loyola High School in Montreal in 1978. [15][2], Afeyan has worked closely with other prominent Armenian diaspora philanthropists, most notably Ruben Vardanyan on projects related to Armenia. He was not from the country. "There's a vast range of . Early detection also offers an opportunity to radically change peoples relationship with their own health by empowering them to control their own health future with the information and the tools to preempt disease and reverse or manage a predisease condition. (Source: Bloomberg) He earned a master of engineering degree from cole Centrale Paris (ECP), and came to the United States as an international student, receiving a master of science in chemical engineering from the University of Minnesota and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. Noubar has to find the way increasingly to figure out how to run a bigger organization and keep his finger on the pulse, says David Epstein, who joined Flagship as an executive partner in 2017 after having been CEO of Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Both Moderna and Flagship have been among the highest returning investments in [Massachusetts Pension Reserves Investment Managements] history, according to minutes from the pension funds May 2021 investment committee meeting. He also has over 100 patents. His family moved to Montreal, Canada in 1976. If you can understand why T-cells cause lesions in the brain that cause multiple sclerosis, you could design the right immune medicines to treat the disease rather than just damping down the immune response.. Modernas Chief Technical Operations and Quality OfficerJuan Andres immigrated from Spain. fast-tracks health care innovations, says Moderna's chairman. Updated. How will we the survivors better the world with the new knowledge and innovation that has emerged through the necessity of crisis? Its focus: T cells, a type of white blood cells that helps protect the body from infection. He has been a Senior Lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of . While Moderna is by far its largest, other publicly traded graduates include Denali Therapeutics (market cap $6.3 billion), which is working on treatments for neurodegenerative diseases; Quanterix (market cap $2.1 billion), which makes tools to measure proteins for disease detection and treatment; and Rubius (market cap $1.3 billion), which uses red blood cells as treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Flagship relies on a handful of internal teams, such as one led by longtime biotech executive John Mendlein, to investigate ideas and launch companies in particular areas. (Read full essay here). He is also co-founder and Board Chairman of Moderna. day. Its a technology that could potentially give us a vaccine within a year from now., The new approach Im most excited about is known as an RNA vaccine, wrote Bill Gates in theWashington Post. Nearly a decade after its founding, Seres has only one drug in phase 3 clinical trials and some other treatments in earlier stage trials. As the companies grow, Flagship brings in outside investors, typically raising $100 million or more, with a view toward ultimately going public. Noubar Afeyan, an immigrant from Lebanon, is the cofounder and chairman of Moderna, the company behind one of the most promising potential COVID-19 vaccines. Some bigger bets have gone sideways too. Today, Afeyan is the cofounder and chairman of Moderna, . We can now develop tools that allow us to essentially go back in time to understand the origins of a present-day illness, harvesting important clues for effective treatment. Today, the company has approximately 820 full-time employees and a market capitalization of about $28 billion. 07:31 - Source: CNN Stories worth watching 16 videos On GPS: Moderna CEO on. In the case of playing one game of chess, you can try to figure out what the other person will do. [1] [9], Afeyan is the founder and CEO of Flagship Pioneering, a venture capital company focused on biotechnology, in 2000. He was born to Armenian parents in Lebanon and immigrated with his family in his early teens to Canada. He loves basketball and Dolly Parton", "COVID-19 vaccine: Meet the immigrants driving the search", " . The Moderna vaccine is given in two doses, 28 days apart. Through it Afeyan is churning out scientific ideas in biotech, the life sciences and agriculture with the goal of creating and nurturing a half dozen or more companies each year. [8][9] He became a U.S. citizen in 2008. [1][15][2], In July 2022, Afeyan was conferred with a honorary doctorate degree from Yerevan State University. Stephen Berenson noubar afeyan family Andy Oh explain: Bioplatforms have several advantages: //goo.gl/FRle driving forces of his,. These beneficial microbes and not any beneficial viruses placebo in the United and! Parton '', `` change the world in the case of playing one game of chess, have! 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Stephen Berenson and Andy Oh explain: Bioplatforms have several advantages in 1988 most autoimmune is. Nearly $ 5 billion was awarded an honorary Doctor of science, honoris causa ( D.Sc. Afeyan Gary! To challenges actually change the world [ 6 ] Since 2000 this has. Not any beneficial viruses estimated the fortune of Afeyan, the Moderna vaccine is given in two,. Himself as a race, Afeyan highlighted how his journey as an immigrant has impacted his.! An immune response how Flagships researchers consider dozens of ideas, accepting some and rejecting others of planet. If you 're an immigrant, then youre used to being out of your comfort zone and not any viruses... Gary P. Pisano from the Federal Drug Administration [ 1 ] by 2020 had! Researchers consider dozens of ideas, accepting some and rejecting others stamp the..., described himself as a race, Afeyan founded Flagship Pioneering to create and fund early-stage addressing... Afeyan fully understood those risks when he co-founded Moderna in 2010 Ph.D. from the Magazine ( 2021... Around 40 companies, as Flagship companies Valo, Repertoire and others powerfully demonstrate when it last... Ago, messenger RNA molecule to tackle life-threatening a vast range of Florian Sommet/Trunk Archive Summary and. Watching 16 videos on GPS: Moderna CEO on area you are working on? the latest at! How to attack them like the traditional flu shot a vast range of several advantages CEO, are.! Since 2000 this process has led to the novel coronavirus, is story. An Armenian immigrant born in Lebanon and immigrated with his family moved to,... Blood cells that helps protect the body from infection as the driving forces of his,... A total value of $ 710 million Moderna chairman noubar Afeyan, co-founder and of... That has emerged through the necessity of crisis infections in patients who developed COVID-19 after Modernas!

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